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Birtley is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead, in Tyne and Wear, England. It is situated to the South of Gateshead and is physically linked to Chester-le-Street across the county boundary. Until 1974, Birtley and the adjoining areas of Barley Mow, Vigo and Portobello were part of the old Chester-le-Street Rural District. Since 1974, these neighbouring areas have been considered part of 'greater' Birtley in County Durham. Birtley was a civil parish with a parish council (which also covered the adjoining neighbourhoods) until April 1, 2006, after a local referendum agreed to abolish it.〔(Referendum to abolish Civil Parish )〕 The former parish has a population of 11,377.〔(Office for National Statistics : ''Census 2001 : Parish Headcounts : Gateshead'' ) Retrieved 2009-09-14〕 The ward of Birtley in the Gateshead MBC had a population of 8,367 in the 2011 Census.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gateshead MBC ward population 2011 )〕 ==Industry== Birtley is the home of the Royal Ordnance Factory, ROF Birtley and the Komatsu Heavy Engineering Company, which operates from the previous premises of Birtley Iron Works (opened in 1827, which became premises of the Caterpillar Company in the mid-20th century). A 'CarCraft Hypermarket' was built on the site of an old factory in southwest Birtley, reclaiming much wasted brown field site.it is also the home of the new morrison opened in 2015. The Royal Ordnance Factory was a major target of the German Luftwaffe in World War Two. Thanks to its reputation as a 'misty valley', Birtley and the factory survived many hits. The phrase 'misty valley' was coined by Tommy Lawton, a worker at the ROF in the 1970s. The ROF factory, operated by BAE, was replaced in late 2011 by a new purpose-built factory in nearby Washington and replaced the old Dunlop Tyre factory. The entire Birtley workforce moved to this site. The Japanese heavy engineering firm Komatsu is now the town's main employer, with almost 400 staff.〔(Komatsu Manufacturing & Assembly Plant Birtley )〕 It was announced in 2011 that the supermarket Morrisons was to build a 25,000 sq. ft. new supermarket development in the town, which would create hundreds of jobs. In July 2013, Watkin Jones, a Welsh firm, were appointed contractors and after lengthy delays. Construction began in autumn of 2013, and following problems with laying foundations, a revised store opening date of January 2015 was announced. However, the revised date of January 2015 was subsequently revised again because of delays in the building process, with a current and on-target planned opening to take place in April 2015.〔(Birtley Community Partnership )〕 Birtley has been without a major supermarket since Somerfield closed its doors in April 2009.but luckily the new morrison has opened in the summer of 2015 Just near the site of the old station is the former well-known Birtley Brick Works was located. Once employing most of the town's workforce, it is a shadow of its former self. Mining was a very important industry in Birtley. Birtley Iron Company had 10 pits in the area surrounding Birtley, employing 3,736 below ground and 960 people above ground.〔http://www.dmm.org.uk/company/b025.htm〕 There was also a lot of coal mining in the area, with the earliest recorded instance was in 1351. This continued until the 1960s, when the trade declined.〔http://www.asaplive.com/Local/Histories.cfm?ccs=529&cs=1979〕 Danish supermarket operator Netto had a premises in Birtley until October 2011, but it was bought out by rival supermarket The Co-operative Food, which opened soon after. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Birtley, Tyne and Wear」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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